抗LAP (TGF-beta 1)抗体(Anti-LAP, TGF-β1, Human, Goat-Poly antibody)

• 価格
• Product Details
• Applications and Data
• Related Product & Information
• Citations

価格

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Product Details

Species Reactivity	Human
Label	Unconjugated
Immunogen	S. frugiperda insect ovarian cell line Sf 21-derived recombinant human LAP (TGF‑ beta 1) and Chinese hamster ovary cell line CHO-derived recombinant human LAP (TGF‑ beta 1)Leu30-Ser390Accession # P01137
Source	Polyclonal Goat IgG
Purification	Protein A or G purified
Specificity	Detects human LAP in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs and Western blots, this antibody is specific for the LAP derived from the TGF-beta 1 precursor but does not react with LAP from the TGF-beta 2 precursor.

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Applications and Data

	Recommended Concentration	Sample
Western Blot	1 µg/mL	Recombinant Human LAP TGF-beta 1 (Catalog # 246-LP)
Immunohistochemistry	5-15 µg/mL	See below
Immunocytochemistry	5-15 µg/mL	See below
Neutralization	Measured by its ability to neutralize LAP TGF‑ beta 1 inhibition of TGF‑ beta 1 growth inhibition in the HT‑2 mouse T cell line. Tsang, M. et al. (1995) Cytokine 7:389. The Neutralization Dose (ND50) is typically 15-30 µg/mL in the presence of 125 ng/mL Recombinant Human LAP TGF‑ beta 1 and 0.25 ng/mL TGF‑ beta 1.

Immunocytochemistry
	TGF-beta 1 in Human PBMCs. TGF-beta 1 was detected in immersion fixed human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using Goat Anti-Human LAP TGF-beta 1 Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AB-246-NA) at 10 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (yellow; Catalog # NL001) and counter­stained with DAPI (blue).View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Non-adherent Cells.
Immunohistochemistry
	LAP (TGF-beta 1) in Human Prostate Cancer Tissue. LAP (TGF-beta 1) was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human prostate cancer tissue using Goat Anti-Human LAP (TGF-beta 1) Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-246-NA) at 10 µg/mL overnight at 4 °C. Tissue was stained using the Anti-Goat HRP-DAB Cell & Tissue Staining Kit (brown; Catalog # CTS008) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Specific staining was localized to cytoplasm in epithelial cells. View our protocol for Chromogenic IHC Staining of Paraffin-embedded Tissue Sections.
Neutralization
	LAP TGF‑ beta 1 Inhibition of TGF‑ beta 1 Activity and Neutralization by Human LAP TGF‑ beta 1 Antibody. Recombinant Human LAP TGF‑ beta 1 (Catalog # 246-LP) inhibits Recombinant Human TGF‑ beta 1 (Catalog # 240‑B) growth inhibition activity in the HT‑2 mouse T cell line in a dose-dependent manner (orange line). Inhibition of Recombinant Human TGF‑ beta 1 (0.25 ng/mL) activity elicited by Recombinant Human LAP TGF‑ beta 1 (125 ng/mL) is neutral­ized (green line) by increasing concentrations of Goat Anti-Human LAP TGF‑ beta 1 Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AB-246-NA). The ND50 is typically 15‑30 µg/mL.

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Related Product & Information

Long Name	Latency-associated Peptide
Entrez Gene IDs	7040 (Human)
Background	LAP (TGF-beta 1)
background_content	Background: LAP (TGF-beta 1) TGF-  beta 1 (transforming growth factor beta 1) and the closely related TGF-beta 2 and -beta 3 are members of the large TGF-beta  superfamily. TGF-  beta proteins are highly pleiotropic cytokines that regulate processes such as immune function, proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (1‑3). Human TGF-beta 1 cDNA encodes a 390 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 29 aa signal peptide and a 361 aa proprotein (4). A furin-like convertase processes the proprotein within the trans-Golgi to generate an N-terminal 249 aa (aa 30-278) latency-associated peptide (LAP) and a C-terminal 112 aa (aa 279-390) mature TGF-  beta 1 (4‑6). Disulfide-linked homodimers of LAP and TGF-beta 1 remain non-covalently associated after secretion, forming the small latent TGF-beta 1 complex (4‑8). Purified LAP is also capable of associating with active TGF-beta with high affinity, and can neutralize TGF-beta activity (9). Covalent linkage of LAP to one of three latent TGF-beta binding proteins (LTBPs) creates a large latent complex that may interact with the extracellular matrix (5‑7). TGF-beta activation from latency is controlled both spatially and temporally, by multiple pathways that include actions of proteases such as plasmin and MMP9, and/or by thrombospondin 1 or selected integrins (5, 8). The LAP portion of human TGF-beta 1 shares 91%, 92%, 85%, 86% and 88% aa identity with porcine, canine, mouse, rat and equine TGF-beta 1 LAP, respectively, while mature human TGF-beta 1 portion shares 100% aa identity with porcine, canine and bovine TGF-beta 1, and 99% aa identity with mouse, rat and equine TGF-beta 1. Although different isoforms of TGF-beta are naturally associated with their own distinct LAPs, the TGF-beta 1 LAP is capable of complexing with, and inactivating, all other human TGF-beta isoforms and those of most other species (9). Mutations within the LAP are associated with Camurati-Engelmann disease, a rare sclerosing bone dysplasia characterized by inappropriate presence of active TGF-beta 1 (10).

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Citations

1. Identification of genetic loci that control mammary tumor susceptibility through the host microenvironment.
   Authors: Zhang P, Lo A, Huang Y, Huang G, Liang G, Mott J, Karpen G, Blakely E, Bissell M, Barcellos-Hoff M, Snijders A, Mao J
   Sci Rep, 2015;5(0):8919.
   Species: Mouse
   Sample Type: Whole Tissue
   Application: IHC


2. Knockdown of prolyl-4-hydroxylase domain 2 inhibits tumor growth of human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells by affecting TGF-beta1 processing.
   Authors: Wottawa M, Leisering P, Ahlen M, Schnelle M, Vogel S, Malz C, Bordoli M, Camenisch G, Hesse A, Napp J, Alves F, Kristiansen G, Farhat K, Katschinski D
   Int J Cancer, 2014;132(12):2787-98.
   Species: Human
   Sample Type: Cell Lysates
   Application: WB


3. Transglutaminase 2 cross-linking activity is linked to invadopodia formation and cartilage breakdown in arthritis.
   Authors: Lauzier A, Charbonneau M, Paquette M, Harper K, Dubois CM
   Arthritis Res. Ther., 2012;14(4):R159.
   Species: Human
   Sample Type: Cell Lysates
   Application: WB


4. Tumor metastasis in an orthotopic murine model of head and neck cancer: possible role of TGF-beta 1 secreted by the tumor cells.
   Authors: Dasgupta S, Bhattacharya-Chatterjee M, O'Malley BW, Chatterjee SK
   J. Cell. Biochem., 2006;97(5):1036-51.
   Species: Mouse
   Sample Type: Whole Tissue
   Application: IHC Frozen

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