抗TNF-α抗体(Anti-TNF-α, Porcine, Goat-Poly antibody)

• 価格
• Product Details
• Applications and Data
• Related Product & Information
• Citations

価格

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Product Details

Species Reactivity	Porcine
Label	Unconjugated
Immunogen	E. coli-derived recombinant porcine TNF-alpha Arg78-Leu232Accession # P23563
Source	Polyclonal Goat IgG
Purification	Antigen Affinity-purified
Specificity	Detects porcine TNF‑ alpha in direct ELISAs and Western blots.

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Applications and Data

	Recommended Concentration	Sample
Western Blot	0.1 µg/mL	Recombinant Porcine TNF‑ alpha (Catalog # 690-PT)
Immunocytochemistry	5-15 µg/mL	See below
Neutralization	Measured by its ability to neutralize TNF‑ alpha -induced cytotoxicity in the PK‑15 porcine kidney epithelial cell line. Matthews, N. and M. L. Neale (1987) in Lymphokines and Interferons, A Practical Approach. Clemens, M. J. et al. (eds): IRL Press. 221; Bertoni et al. (1993) J.  Immunol. Meth. 160:267. The Neutralization Dose (ND50) is typically 0.2-0.8 µg/mL in the presence of 0.05 ng/mL Recombinant Porcine TNF‑ alpha and 1 µg/mL actinomycin D.

Neutralization
	Cytotoxicity Induced by TNF‑ alpha and Neutralization by Porcine TNF‑ alpha Antibody. Recombinant Porcine TNF‑ alpha (Catalog #690‑PT) induces cytotoxicity in the the PK‑15 porcine kidney epithelial cell line in a dose-dependent manner (orange line), as measured by crystal violet staining. Cytotoxicity elicited by Recombinant Porcine TNF‑ alpha (0.05 ng/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concentrations of Goat Anti-Porcine TNF‑ alpha Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF690). The ND50 is typically 0.2-0.8 µg/mL in the presence of the metabolic inhibitor actinomycin D (1 µg/mL).
Immunocytochemistry
	TNF‑ alpha in Porcine PBMCs. TNF‑ alpha was detected in immersion fixed porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) treated with calcium ionomycin and PMA using Goat Anti-Porcine TNF‑ alpha Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF690) at 15 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # NL001) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Specific staining was localized to cytoplasm. View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Non-adherent Cells.

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Related Product & Information

Long Name	Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha
Entrez Gene IDs	7124 (Human); 21926 (Mouse); 24835 (Rat); 397086 (Porcine); 280943 (Bovine); 403922 (Canine); 100033834 (Equine); 493755 (Feline); 100009088 (Rabbit)
Background	TNF-alpha
background_content	Background: TNF-alpha Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha ), also known as cachectin and TNFSF2, is the prototypic ligand of the TNF superfamily. It is a pleiotropic molecule that plays a central role in inflammation, apoptosis, and immune system development. TNF-alpha is produced by a wide variety of immune and epithelial cell types (1, 2). Porcine TNF-alpha consisits of a 35 amino acid (aa) cytoplasmic domain, a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 176 aa extracellular domain (ECD) (3). Within the ECD, porcine TNF-alpha shares 69%‑86% aa sequence identity with bovine, canine, cotton rat, equine, feline, human, mouse, rat, and rhesus TNF-alpha. The 26 kDa type 2 transmembrane protein is assembled intracellularly to form a noncovalently linked homotrimer (4). Ligation of this complex induces reverse signaling that promotes lymphocyte costimulation but diminishes monocyte responsiveness (5). Cleavage of membrane bound TNF-alpha by TACE/ADAM17 releases a 55 kDa soluble trimeric form of TNF-alpha (6, 7). TNF-alpha trimers bind the ubiquitous TNF RI and the hematopoietic cell-restricted TNF RII, both of which are also expressed as homotrimers (1, 8). TNF-alpha regulates lymphoid tissue development through control of apoptosis (2). It also promotes inflammatory responses by inducing the activation of vascular endothelial cells and macrophages (2). TNF-alpha is a key cytokine in the development of several inflammatory disorders (9). It contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes through its effects on insulin resistance and fatty acid metabolism (10, 11).

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Citations

1. Atorvastatin treatment improves survival and effects of implanted mesenchymal stem cells in post-infarct swine hearts.
   Authors: Yang YJ, Qian HY, Huang J, Geng YJ, Gao RL, Dou KF, Yang GS, Li JJ, Shen R, He ZX, Lu MJ, Zhao SH
   Eur. Heart J., 2008;29(12):1578-90.
   Species: Porcine
   Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates
   Application: WB


2. Stent implantation in coronary porcine arteries is associated with early activation of TNFalpha and TNFalpha receptor II expression.
   Authors: Hadjadj S, Cloutier I, Geoffroy P, Tanguay JF
   Atherosclerosis, 2007;192(1):25-32.
   Species: Porcine
   Sample Type: Whole Tissue
   Application: IHC Paraffin-embedded


3. Macrophage transcriptional responses following in vitro infection with a highly virulent African swine fever virus isolate.
   Authors: Zhang F, Hopwood P, Abrams CC, Downing A, Murray F, Talbot R, Archibald A, Lowden S, Dixon LK
   J. Virol., 2006;80(21):10514-21.
   Species: Porcine
   Sample Type: Cell Lysates
   Application: WB


4. Liposomal delivery of heat shock protein 72 into renal tubular cells blocks nuclear factor-kappaB activation, tumor necrosis factor-alpha production, and subsequent ischemia-induced apoptosis.
   Authors: Meldrum KK, Burnett AL, Meng X, Misseri R, Shaw MB, Gearhart JP, Meldrum DR
   Circ. Res., 2003;92(3):293-9.
   Species: Porcine
   Sample Type: Whole Cells
   Application: Neut

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