抗TNF-α抗体(Anti-TNF-α, Rat, Goat-Poly antibody)

• 価格
• Product Details
• Applications and Data
• Related Product & Information
• Citations

価格

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Product Details

Species Reactivity	Rat
Label	Unconjugated
Immunogen	E. coli-derived recombinant rat TNF-alpha Leu80-Leu235Accession # P16599
Source	Polyclonal Goat IgG
Purification	Antigen Affinity-purified
Specificity	Detects rat TNF‑ alpha in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In Western blots, approximately 25% cross-reactivity with recombinant porcine TNF-alpha is observed and less than 1% cross-reactivity with recombinant human (rh) TNF-beta, rhTNF sRI, and rhTNF sRII is observed. In direct ELISAs, approximately 40% cross-reactivity with recombinant canine TNF-alpha, recombinant feline TNF-alpha, and recombinant rhesus macaque TNF-alpha is observed. Neutralizes the biological activity of rat TNF-alpha. This antibody will also neutralize the biological activity of murine TNF-alpha, but weak neutralization of rhTNF-alpha and no neutralization of rhTNF-beta was observed.

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Applications and Data

	Recommended Concentration	Sample
Western Blot	0.1 µg/mL	Recombinant Rat TNF‑ alpha (Catalog # 510-RT)
Immunocytochemistry	5-15 µg/mL	See below
Neutralization	Measured by its ability to neutralize TNF‑ alpha -induced cytotoxicity in the L‑929 mouse fibroblast cell line. Matthews, N. and M. L. Neale (1987) in Lymphokines and Interferons, A Practical Approach. Clemens, M. J. et al. (eds): IRL Press. 221. The Neutralization Dose (ND50) is typically 0.15-0.75 µg/mL in the presence of 0.25 ng/mL Recombinant Rat TNF‑ alpha and 1 µg/mL actinomycin D.

Neutralization
	Cytotoxicity Induced by TNF‑ alpha and Neutralization by Rat TNF‑ alpha Antibody. Recombinant Rat TNF‑ alpha (Catalog # 510-RT) induces cytotoxicity in the the L‑929 mouse fibroblast cell line in a dose-dependent manner (orange line), as measured by Resazurin. Cytotoxicity elicited by Recombinant Rat TNF‑ alpha (0.25 ng/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concentrations of Goat Anti-Rat TNF‑ alpha Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-510-NA). The ND50 is typically 0.15‑0.75 µg/mL in the presence of the metabolic inhibitor actinomycin D (1 µg/mL).
Immunocytochemistry
	TNF‑ alpha in Rat Splenocytes. TNF‑ alpha was detected in immersion fixed rat splenocytes using Goat Anti-Rat TNF‑ alpha Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody(Catalog # AF-510-NA) at 15 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # NL001) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Specific staining was localized to cytoplasmic. View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Non-adherent Cells.

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Related Product & Information

Long Name	Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha
Entrez Gene IDs	7124 (Human); 21926 (Mouse); 24835 (Rat); 397086 (Porcine); 280943 (Bovine); 403922 (Canine); 100033834 (Equine); 493755 (Feline); 100009088 (Rabbit)
Background	TNF-alpha
background_content	Background: TNF-alpha Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-alpha ) also known as Cachectin and TNFSF2, is the prototypic ligand of the TNF superfamily. It is a pleiotropic molecule that plays a central role in inflammation, apoptosis, and immune system development. TNF-alpha is produced by a wide variety of immune and epithelial cell types (1, 2). Rat TNF-alpha consisits of a 35 amino acid (aa) cytoplasmic domain, a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 179 aa extracellular domain (ECD) (3). Within the ECD, rat TNF-alpha shares 94% aa sequence identity with mouse and 69% - 76% with bovine, canine, cotton rat, equine, feline, human, porcine, and rhesus TNF-alpha. The 26 kDa type 2 transmembrane protein is assembled intracellularly to form a noncovalently linked homotrimer (4). Ligation of this complex induces reverse signaling that promotes lymphocyte co-stimulation but diminishes monocyte responsiveness (5). Cleavage of membrane bound TNF-alpha by TACE/ADAM17 releases a 55 kDa soluble trimeric form of TNF-alpha (6, 7). TNF-alpha trimers bind the ubiquitous TNF RI and the hematopoietic cell-restricted TNF RII, both of which are also expressed as homotrimers (1, 8). TNF-alpha regulates lymphoid tissue development through control of apoptosis (2). It also promotes inflammatory responses by inducing the activation of vascular endothelial cells and macrophages (2). TNF-alpha is a key cytokine in the development of several inflammatory disorders (9). It contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes through its effects on insulin resistance and fatty acid metabolism (10, 11).

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Citations

1. Effects of TNF-? on penile structure alteration in rats with hyperprolactinemia
   Authors: ZL Wang, LY Yang, HH Chen, HH Lin, YT Tsai, WJ Huang
   PLoS ONE, 2017;12(8):e0181952.
   Species: Rat
   Sample Type: In Vivo
   Application: Neut


2. Prolonged neuroinflammation after lipopolysaccharide exposure in aged rats.
   Authors: Fu H, Yang T, Xiao W, Fan L, Wu Y, Terrando N, Wang T
   PLoS ONE, 2014;9(8):e106331.
   Species: Rat
   Sample Type: Whole Tissue
   Application: IHC Frozen


3. Time-dependent effects of training on cardiovascular control in spontaneously hypertensive rats: role for brain oxidative stress and inflammation and baroreflex sensitivity.
   Authors: Masson G, Costa T, Yshii L, Fernandes D, Soares P, Laurindo F, Scavone C, Michelini L
   PLoS ONE, 2014;9(5):e94927.
   Species: Rat
   Sample Type: Whole Tissue
   Application: IHC Frozen


4. Microglial cells contribute to endogenous brain defenses after acute neonatal focal stroke.
   Authors: Faustino JV, Wang X, Johnson CE
   J. Neurosci., 2011;31(36):12992-3001.
   Species: Rat
   Sample Type: Whole Tissue
   Application: IHC


5. Adenovirus-Mediated Kallistatin Gene Transfer Ameliorates Disease Progression in a Rat Model of Osteoarthritis Induced by Anterior Cruciate Ligament Transection.
   Authors: Hsieh J, Shen PC, Shiau AL, Wu CL, Lee CH, Jou IM, Wang CR, Chao J, Chao L, Teo ML
   2009;20(0):147.
   Species: Rat
   Sample Type: Whole Tissue
   Application: IHC Paraffin-embedded


6. Mechanisms underlying the nociceptive responses induced by platelet-activating factor (PAF) in the rat paw.
   Authors: Marotta DM, Costa R, Motta EM, Fernandes ES, Medeiros R, Quintao NL, Campos MM, Calixto JB
   Biochem. Pharmacol., 2009;77(7):1223-35.
   Species: Rat
   Sample Type: In Vivo
   Application: In vivo


7. Distribution and tumor necrosis factor-alpha isoform binding specificity of locally administered etanercept into injured and uninjured rat sciatic nerve.
   Authors: Kato K, Kikuchi S, Shubayev VI, Myers RR
   Neuroscience, 2009;160(2):492-500.
   Species: Rat
   Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates
   Application: WB


8. Tumor necrosis factor alpha: activity dependent expression and promotion of cortical column sleep in rats.
   Authors: Churchill L, Rector DM, Yasuda K, Fix C, Rojas MJ, Yasuda T, Krueger JM
   Neuroscience, 2008;156(1):71-80.
   Species: Rat
   Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates
   Application: WB


9. Supraspinal glial-neuronal interactions contribute to descending pain facilitation.
   Authors: Wei F, Guo W, Zou S, Ren K, Dubner R
   J. Neurosci., 2008;28(42):10482-95.
   Species: Rat
   Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates
   Application: WB


10. Deleterious role of TNF-alpha in retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury.
    Authors: Berger S, Savitz SI, Nijhawan S, Singh M, David J, Rosenbaum PS, Rosenbaum DM
    Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 2008;49(8):3605-10.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Type: In Vivo
    Application: In vivo

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