抗IGF-Ⅱ抗体(Anti-IGF-Ⅱ, Mouse, Goat-Poly antibody)

• 価格
• Product Details
• Applications and Data
• Related Product & Information
• Citations

価格

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Product Details

Species Reactivity	Mouse
Label	Unconjugated
Immunogen	E. coli-derived recombinant mouse IGF-IIAla25-Glu91Accession # P09535
Source	Polyclonal Goat IgG
Purification	Antigen Affinity-purified
Specificity	Detects mouse IGF-II in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs, approximately 50% cross-reactivity with recombinant human IGF‑II is observed.

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Applications and Data

	Recommended Concentration	Sample
Western Blot	0.1 µg/mL	Recombinant Mouse IGF-II (Catalog # 792-MG)
Immunohistochemistry	5-15 µg/mL	See below
Neutralization	Measured by its ability to neutralize IGF‑II-induced proliferation in the MCF‑7 human breast cancer cell line. Karey, K.P. et al. (1988) Cancer Research 48:4083. The Neutralization Dose (ND50) is typically 0.5-2.5 µg/mL in the presence of 30 ng/mL Recombinant Mouse IGF‑II.

Immunohistochemistry
	IGF-II in Mouse Embryo. IGF-II was detected in immersion fixed frozen sections of mouse embryo (E13-17) using Mouse IGF-II Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF792) at 15 µg/mL overnight at 4 °C. Tissue was stained using the Anti-Goat HRP-DAB Cell & Tissue Staining Kit (brown; Catalog # CTS008) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). View our protocol for Chromogenic IHC Staining of Frozen Tissue Sections.
Neutralization
	Cell Proliferation Induced by IGF‑II and Neutralization by Mouse IGF‑II Antibody. Recombinant Mouse IGF‑II (Catalog # 792-MG) stimulates proliferation in the MCF‑7 human breast cancer cell line in a dose-dependent manner (orange line). Proliferation elicited by Recombinant Mouse IGF‑II (30 ng/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concentrations of Mouse IGF-II Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF792). The ND50 is typically 0.5-2.5 µg/mL.

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Related Product & Information

Long Name	Insulin-like Growth Factor II
Entrez Gene IDs	3481 (Human); 16002 (Mouse)
Background	IGF-II
background_content	Background: IGF-II IGF-II (Insulin-like growth factor II; also multiplication-stimulating polypeptide/MSP and somatomedin-A) is a secreted 8 kDa polypeptide that belongs to the insulin family of peptide growth factors (1‑3). It is part of a complex system of growth and metabolic-regulating proteins that is particularly important during development. It has been associated with nervous system proliferation and differentiation, myelination, adrenal cortical proliferation, and skeletal growth and differentiation (4). In humans, IGF-II is primarily synthesized by the liver and circulates at high levels in both fetus and adult. In rodents, however, IGF-II levels drop after the perinatal period, an effect attributed to the lack of a key gene promoter (2, 5). This may indicate that postnatally, IGF-II has either a limited or local effect only in rodents. For example, evidence suggests IGF-II may be the intermediary for SHH induction of VEGF attendant with local neovascularization (6). Rodent cells known to express IGF-II include astrocytes (7), hepatocytes (8), osteoblasts (9), embryonic striated muscle cells (10, 11), plus Kupffer cells and Ito cells (12). Mouse IGF-II is synthesized as a 180 amino acid (aa) preproprecursor (13). It contains a 24 aa signal sequence, a 67 aa mature region, and an 89 aa C-terminal prodomain that is alternatively referred to as the E-peptide. Mature IGF-II is 91% and 97% aa identical to human and rat IGF-II, respectively. Proper processing of IGF-II requires the chaperone activity of GRP94 (14). This generates an 8 kDa mature form, an 18 kDa, 156 aa proform, and a potential 11 kDa, 88 aa “Big” form (aa 25-112). This 11 kDa ”Big” form would be equivalent to human 15-16 kDa IGF-II, with the 5 kDa difference attributable to the presence of O-linked glycosylation (15). There is an additional 34 aa proteolytic fragment that is termed preptin and contains aa 93-126 of the preproprecursor. This is distinct from IGF-II, is secreted by pancreatic B cells, and facilitates insulin secretion (16, 17). IGF-II has multiple binding partners. It binds to IGF-I R, the Insulin receptor (IR)-type A and IGF-IR:IR-A hybrids, the type II IGF receptor (IGF-II R), and IGF binding proteins 1-6 (18, 19). The first three receptors initiate downstream signaling events, the IGF-II R sequesters local IGF‑II, and the six IGFBPs regulate IGF-II activity in various tissues.

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Citations

1. A CCR2+ myeloid cell niche required for pancreatic ? cell growth
   Authors: K Mussar, S Pardike, TM Hohl, G Hardiman, V Cirulli, L Crisa
   JCI Insight, 2017;2(15):.
   Species: Mouse
   Sample Type: Whole Cells
   Application: Neut


2. The chaperone activity of GRP94 toward insulin-like growth factor II is necessary for the stress response to serum deprivation.
   Authors: Ostrovsky O, Ahmed NT, Argon Y
   Mol. Biol. Cell, 2009;20(6):1855-64.
   Species: Mouse
   Sample Type: Cell Lysates
   Application: WB


3. Role of IGF signaling in olfactory sensory map formation and axon guidance.
   Authors: Scolnick JA, Cui K, Duggan CD, Xuan S, Yuan XB, Efstratiadis A, Ngai J
   Neuron, 2008;57(6):847-57.
   Species: Mouse
   Sample Type: Whole Tissue
   Application: IHC Frozen


4. GRP94 is essential for mesoderm induction and muscle development because it regulates insulin-like growth factor secretion.
   Authors: Wanderling S, Simen BB, Ostrovsky O, Ahmed NT, Vogen SM, Gidalevitz T, Argon Y
   Mol. Biol. Cell, 2007;18(10):3764-75.
   Species: Mouse
   Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates
   Application: WB


5. Hypoxia-independent overexpression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha as an early change in mouse hepatocarcinogenesis.
   Authors: Tanaka H, Yamamoto M, Hashimoto N, Miyakoshi M, Tamakawa S, Yoshie M, Tokusashi Y, Yokoyama K, Yaginuma Y, Ogawa K
   Cancer Res., 2006;66(23):11263-70.
   Species: Mouse
   Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates
   Application: WB

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