抗Activin A抗体(Anti-Activin A, Human, Goat-Poly antibody)

• 価格
• Product Details
• Applications and Data
• Related Product & Information
• Citations

価格

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Product Details

Species Reactivity	Human, Mouse, Rat
Label	Unconjugated
Immunogen	Chinese hamster ovary cell line CHO-derived recombinant human Activin A
Source	Polyclonal Goat IgG
Purification	Antigen Affinity-purified
Specificity	Detects human, mouse and rat Activin A in direct ELISAs and Western blots.

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Applications and Data

	Recommended Concentration	Sample
Western Blot	0.1 µg/mL	Recombinant Human/Mouse/Rat Activin A (Catalog # 338-AC)
Immunohistochemistry	5-15 µg/mL	See below
Neutralization	Measured by its ability to neutralize Activin A-induced hemoglobin expression in the K562 human chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line. Schwall, R. H. et al. (1991) Method Enzymol. 198:340. The Neutralization Dose (ND50) is typically 2-6 µg/mL in the presence of 7.5 ng/mL Recombinant Human/Mouse/Rat Activin A.

Neutralization
	Hemoglobin Expression Induced by Activin A and Neutralization by Human/Mouse/Rat Activin A Antibody. Recombinant Human/Mouse/Rat Activin A (Catalog # 338-AC) increases hemoglobin expression in the K562 human chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line in a dose-dependent manner (orange line), as measured by the psuedoperoxidase assay. Hemoglobin Expression elicited by Recombinant Human/Mouse/Rat Activin A (7.5 ng/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concentrations of Goat Anti-Human/Mouse/Rat Activin A beta A subunit Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF338). The ND50 is typically 2‑6 µg/mL.
Immunohistochemistry
	Activin A in Human Breast Cancer Tissue. Activin A was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human breast cancer tissue using 5 µg/mL Goat Anti-Human/Mouse/Rat Activin A beta A Subunit Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF338) overnight at 4 °C. Tissue was stained (red) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). View our protocol for Chromogenic IHC Staining of Paraffin-embedded Tissue Sections.

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Related Product & Information

Entrez Gene IDs	3624 (Human); 16323 (Mouse)
Background	Activin A
background_content	Background: Activin A Activin and Inhibin are members of the TGF-beta superfamily of cytokines and are involved in a wide range of biological processes including tissue morphogenesis and repair, fibrosis, inflammation, neural development, hematopoiesis, reproductive system function, and carcinogenesis (1‑7). Activin and Inhibin are produced as precursor proteins. Their amino terminal propeptides are proteolytically cleaved and facilitate formation of disulfide-linked dimers of the bioactive proteins (8, 9). Activins are nonglycosylated homodimers or heterodimers of various beta subunits ( beta A, beta B, beta C, and beta E in mammals), while Inhibins are heterodimers of a unique alpha subunit and one of the beta subunits. Activin A is a widely expressed homodimer of two beta A chains. The beta A subunit can also heterodimerize with a beta B or beta C subunit to form Activin AB and Activin AC, respectively (10). The 14 kDa mature human beta A chain shares 100% amino acid sequence identity with bovine, feline, mouse, porcine, and rat beta A. Activin A exerts its biological activities by binding to the type 2 serine/threonine kinase Activin RIIA which then noncovalently associates with the type 1 serine/threonine kinase Activin RIB/ALK-4 (7, 11). Signaling through this receptor complex leads to Smad activation and regulation of activin-responsive gene transcription (7, 11). The bioactivity of Activin A is regulated by a variety of mechanisms (11). BAMBI, Betaglycan, and Cripto are cell-associated molecules that function as decoy receptors or limit the ability of Activin A to induce receptor complex assembly (12‑14). The intracellular formation of Activin A can be prevented by the incorporation of the beta A subunit into Activin AC or Inhibin A (3, 10). And the bioavailability of Activin A is restricted by its incorporation into inactive complexes with alpha 2-Macroglobulin, Follistatin, and FLRG (15, 16).

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Citations

1. Activin A inhibition attenuates sympathetic neural remodeling following myocardial infarction in rats
   Authors: J Hu, X Wang, YH Tang, YG Shan, Q Zou, ZQ Wang, CX Huang
   Mol Med Rep, 2018;17(4):5074-5080.
   Species: Rat
   Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates
   Application: WB


2. Hypoxia-induced activin A diminishes endothelial cell vasculogenic activity
   Authors: S Merfeld-Cl, H Lu, X Wu, KL March, DO Traktuev
   J. Cell. Mol. Med., 2017;0(0):.
   Species: Human
   Sample Type: Whole Cells
   Application: Neut


3. Inhibition of GDF8 (Myostatin) accelerates bone regeneration in diabetes mellitus type 2
   Authors: C Wallner, H Jaurich, JM Wagner, M Becerikli, K Harati, M Dadras, M Lehnhardt, B Behr
   Sci Rep, 2017;7(1):9878.
   Species: Mouse
   Sample Type: Whole Cells
   Application: Neut


4. Differential Expression and Release of Activin A and Follistatin in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with and without Nasal Polyps.
   Authors: Yang Y, Zhang N, Crombruggen K, Lan F, Hu G, Hong S, Bachert C
   PLoS ONE, 2015;10(6):e0128564.
   Species: Human
   Sample Type: Whole Tissue
   Application: IHC Frozen


5. Inhibition of activin A ameliorates skeletal muscle injury and rescues contractile properties by inducing efficient remodeling in female mice.
   Authors: Yaden B, Wang Y, Wilson J, Culver A, Milner A, Datta-Mannan A, Shetler P, Croy J, Dai G, Krishnan V
   Am J Pathol, 2014;184(4):1152-66.
   Species: Mouse
   Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates
   Application: ELISA Development


6. An activin receptor IIA ligand trap corrects ineffective erythropoiesis in beta-thalassemia.
   Authors: Dussiot M, Maciel T, Fricot A, Chartier C, Negre O, Veiga J, Grapton D, Paubelle E, Payen E, Beuzard Y, Leboulch P, Ribeil J, Arlet J, Cote F, Courtois G, Ginzburg Y, Daniel T, Chopra R, Sung V, Hermine O, Moura I
   Nat Med, 2014;20(4):398-407.
   Species: Human
   Sample Type: Serum
   Application: ELISA Development


7. Activin A induces growth arrest through a SMAD- dependent pathway in hepatic progenitor cells.
   Authors: Chen L, Zhang W, Liang H, Zhou Q, Ding Z, Yang H, Liu W, Wu Y, Man Q, Zhang B, Chen X
   Cell Commun Signal, 2014;12(0):18.
   Species: Rat
   Sample Type: Whole Cells
   Application: IHC Paraffin-embedded


8. Activin A as a mediator of NK-dendritic cell functional interactions.
   Authors: Seeger P, Bosisio D, Parolini S, Badolato R, Gismondi A, Santoni A, Sozzani S
   J Immunol, 2014;192(3):1241-8.
   Species: Human
   Sample Type: Whole Cells
   Application: Neut


9. Fgf-2 overexpression increases excitability and seizure susceptibility but decreases seizure-induced cell loss.
   Authors: Zucchini S, Buzzi A, Barbieri M, Rodi D, Paradiso B, Binaschi A, Coffin JD, Marzola A, Cifelli P, Belluzzi O, Simonato M
   J. Neurosci., 2008;28(49):13112-24.
   Species: Mouse
   Sample Type: Whole Tissue
   Application: IHC Paraffin-embedded


10. Interleukin-1 in combination with oncostatin M up-regulates multiple genes in chondrocytes: implications for cartilage destruction and repair.
    Authors: Barksby HE, Hui W, Wappler I, Peters HH, Milner JM, Richards CD, Cawston TE, Rowan AD
    Arthritis Rheum., 2006;54(2):540-50.
    Species: Human
    Sample Type: Whole Tissue
    Application: IHC Paraffin-embedded

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