抗Epiregulin抗体(Anti-Epiregulin, Human, Goat-Poly antibody)

• 価格
• Product Details
• Applications and Data
• Related Product & Information
• Citations

価格

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Product Details

Species Reactivity	Human
Label	Unconjugated
Immunogen	E. coli-derived recombinant human Epiregulin (R&D Systems, Catalog # 1195-EP)Val63-Leu108Accession # O14944
Source	Polyclonal Goat IgG
Purification	Antigen Affinity-purified
Specificity	Detects human Epiregulin in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs and Western blots, approximately 50% cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse Epiregulin is observed.

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Applications and Data

	Recommended Concentration	Sample
Western Blot	0.1 µg/mL	Recombinant Human Epiregulin (Catalog # 1195-EP)
Immunohistochemistry	5-15 µg/mL	See below
Neutralization	Measured by its ability to neutralize Epiregulin-induced proliferation in the Balb/3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cell line. The Neutralization Dose (ND50) is typically 0.3-1.5 µg/mL in the presence of 5  ng/mL Recombinant Human Epiregulin.

Neutralization
	Cell Proliferation Induced by Epiregulin and Neutralization by Human Epiregulin Antibody. Recombinant Human Epiregulin (Catalog # 1195-EP) stimulates proliferation in the Balb/3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cell line in a dose-dependent manner (orange line). Proliferation elicited by Recombinant Human Epiregulin (5  ng/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concentrations of Goat Anti-Human Epiregulin Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF1195). The ND50 is typically 0.3-1.5 µg/mL.
Immunohistochemistry
	Epiregulin in Human Skin. Epiregulin was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human skin using Goat Anti-Human Epiregulin Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF1195) at 15 µg/mL overnight at 4 °C. Tissue was stained using the Anti-Goat HRP-DAB Cell & Tissue Staining Kit (brown; Catalog # CTS008) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Specific staining was localized to keratinocytes. View our protocol for Chromogenic IHC Staining of Paraffin-embedded Tissue Sections.

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Related Product & Information

Entrez Gene IDs	2069 (Human); 13874 (Mouse)
Background	Epiregulin
background_content	Background: Epiregulin Epiregulin is a member of the EGF family of growth factors which includes, among others, epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor (TGF)-alpha, amphiregulin (ARG), HB (heparin-binding)-EGF, betacellulin, and the various heregulins. All EGF family members are synthesized as transmembrane precursors and are converted to soluble forms by proteolytic cleavage. Epiregulin was originally purified from the mouse fibroblast-derived tumor cell line NIH3T3/T7. The human epiregulin cDNA encodes a 169 amino acid (aa) residues transmembrane precursor with a 29 aa signal peptide, a 21 aa transmembrane domain and a 21 aa cytoplasmic domain. The putative soluble mature Epiregulin comprising the EGF-like domain (aa residues 64-104) is formed by proteolytic removal of the propeptide regions. There is 85% aa sequence homology between human and mouse epiregulins. Epiregulin is expressed primarily in the placenta and macrophages. High level expression has also been detected in various carcinomas. Epiregulin specifically binds EGF R (ErbB1) and ErbB4 but not ErbB2 and ErbB3. It activates the homodimers of both ErbB1 and ErbB4. In addition, epiregulin can also activate all possible heteromeric combinations of the four ErbB family members. Epiregulin stimulates the proliferation of fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells and hepatocytes. It has been shown to be an autocrine growth factor for epidermal keratinocytes as well as mesangial cells. Epiregulin has also been shown to inhibit growth of several epithelial tumor cells. In addition, Epiregulin has been implicated in the implantation process during pregnancy.

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Citations

1. Tumor endothelial cells promote metastasis and cancer stem cell-like phenotype through elevated Epiregulin in esophageal cancer
   Am J Cancer Res, 2016;6(10):2277-2288.
   Species: Human
   Sample Type: Cell Lysates
   Application: WB


2. High epiregulin expression in human U87 glioma cells relies on IRE1alpha and promotes autocrine growth through EGF receptor.
   Authors: Auf G, Jabouille A, Delugin M, Guerit S, Pineau R, North S, Platonova N, Maitre M, Favereaux A, Vajkoczy P, Seno M, Bikfalvi A, Minchenko D, Minchenko O, Moenner M
   BMC Cancer, 2013;13(0):597.
   Species: Human
   Sample Type: Cell Culture Supernates
   Application: ELISA Development


3. Epiregulin as a marker for the initial steps of ovarian cancer development.
   Authors: Amsterdam A, Shezen E, Raanan C
   Int. J. Oncol., 2011;39(5):1165-72.
   Species: Human
   Sample Type: Whole Tissue
   Application: IHC Paraffin-embedded


4. HER family receptor abnormalities in lung cancer brain metastases and corresponding primary tumors.
   Authors: Sun M, Behrens C, Feng L, Ozburn N, Tang X, Yin G, Komaki R, Varella-Garcia M, Hong WK, Aldape KD, Wistuba II
   Clin. Cancer Res., 2009;15(15):4829-37.
   Species: Human
   Sample Type: Whole Tissue
   Application: IHC Paraffin-embedded


5. Human trophoblast survival at low oxygen concentrations requires metalloproteinase-mediated shedding of heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor.
   Authors: Armant DR, Kilburn BA, Petkova A, Edwin SS, Duniec-Dmuchowski ZM, Edwards HJ, Romero R, Leach RE
   Development, 2006;133(4):751-9.
   Species: Human
   Sample Type: Whole Cells
   Application: ICC


6. Autocrine extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation in normal human keratinocytes: metalloproteinase-mediated release of amphiregulin triggers signaling from ErbB1 to ERK.
   Authors: Kansra S, Johnson JL
   Mol. Biol. Cell, 2004;15(9):4299-309.
   Species: Human
   Sample Type: Whole Cells
   Application: Neut

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