Actinonin (CAS: 13434-13-4)

C₁₉H₃₅N₃O₅

• Antibiotic.
• Aminopeptidase M, N and leucine and alanine aminopeptidase inhibitor.
• Potent peptide deformylase (PDF) inhibitor.
• Inhibits MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-10, MMP-12 and MMP-13, but not MMP-14.
• Anticancer compound. Antiproliferative. Shows antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo.
• Apoptosis inducer.
• Meprin A inhibitor.

1. Actinonin: an antibiotic substance produced by an actinomycete: J.J. Gordon, et al.; Nature 195, 701 (1962)
2. Production of actinonin, an inhibitor of aminopeptidase M, by actinomycetes: H. Umezawa, et al.; J. Antibiot. 38, 1629 (1985)
3. Analgesic effect of actinonin, a new potent inhibitor of multiple enkephalin degrading enzymes: M. Hachisu, et al.; Life Sci. 41, 235 (1987)
4. Antitumor activity of actinonin in vitro and in vivo: Y. Xu, et al.; Clin. Cancer Res. 4, 171 (1998)
5. Actinonin, a naturally occurring antibacterial agent, is a potent deformylase inhibitor: D.Z. Chen, et al.; Biochemistry 39, 1256 (2000)
6. A new human peptide deformylase inhibitable by actinonin: M.D. Lee, et al.; Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 312, 309 (2003)
7. Actinonin induces apoptosis in U937 leukemia cells: M. Grujic, et al.; Cancer Lett. 223, 211 (2004)
8. Human mitochondrial peptide deformylase, a new anticancer target of actinonin-based antibiotics: M.D. Lee, et al.; J. Clin. Invest. 114, 1107 (2004)
9. Actinonin, a meprin inhibitor, protects ischemic acute kidney injury in male but not in female rats: J. Takayama, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 581, 157 (2007) 
10. Actinonin, a meprin A inhibitor, protects the renal microcirculation during sepsis: Z. Whang, et al.; Shock 35, 141 (2011)